String.gsub
Available since: Gideros 2011.6
Class: string
Description
Returns a copy of s in which all (or the first n, if given) occurrences of the pattern have been replaced by a replacement string specified by repl, which can be a string, a table, or a function. gsub also returns, as its second value, the total number of matches that occurred. <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> (string) = string.gsub(s,pat,repl,n) </source>
- If repl is a string, then its value is used for replacement. The character % works as an escape character: any sequence in repl of the form %n, with n between 1 and 9, stands for the value of the n-th captured substring (see below). The sequence %0 stands for the whole match. The sequence %% stands for a single %.
- If repl is a table, then the table is queried for every match, using the first capture as the key; if the pattern specifies no captures, then the whole match is used as the key.
- If repl is a function, then this function is called every time a match occurs, with all captured substrings passed as arguments, in order; if the pattern specifies no captures, then the whole match is passed as a sole argument.
- If the value returned by the table query or by the function call is a string or a number, then it is used as the replacement string; otherwise, if it is false or nil, then there is no replacement (that is, the original match is kept in the string).
Parameters
s: (string) string where to make replacements
pat: (string) pattern what to replace
repl: (varies) to what to replace
n: (number) number of replacements optional
Return values
Returns (string) modified string with replacements
Examples
Simple example: <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> local mystring = "hello, world!" local newstring = string.gsub(mystring, "world", "mundo") local newstring2 = mystring:gsub("world", "mundo") -- this is the same as above but shorter! </source>
Advanced examples: <syntaxhighlight lang="lua"> x = string.gsub("hello world", "(%w+)", "%1 %1") -- x="hello hello world world" x = string.gsub("hello world", "%w+", "%0 %0", 1) -- x="hello hello world" x = string.gsub("hello world from Lua", "(%w+)%s*(%w+)", "%2 %1") -- x="world hello Lua from" x = string.gsub("home = $HOME, user = $USER", "%$(%w+)", os.getenv) -- x="home = /home/roberto, user = roberto" x = string.gsub("4%2B5 = $return 4%2B5$", "%$(.-)%$", function (s) return loadstring(s)() end) -- x="4%2B5 = 9" local t = {name="lua", version="5.1"} x = string.gsub("$name-$version.tar.gz", "%$(%w+)", t) -- x="lua-5.1.tar.gz" </source>
